Atomizing-primer for internal-combustion engines



J. n. P. L'Ews.A

ATOMIZING PRIMER FOR INTERNAL fCOMBUSTION NGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED ocT. 10,'1918.

11,338,740. R Patented May 4,1920. F191 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOI-IN D. PERRY LEWIS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ATOMIZING-PRIMER FOR `IJ\VIE|R1\TAL-COIVIIBUS'IION ENGINES.

mesmo.

Application filed October 10, 1918.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. PERRY L-Ewis, a citizen of the United States of America, a resident ofthe city of'St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Atoml izing-Primers for Internal-Combustion En.- gines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to a primer through the medium of which liquid fuel, constituting a constituent of an explosive mixture, may be delivered in an atomized form to the intake of an internal combustion engine between the carbureter and the engine cylinder, to provide for such liquid being carried into the engine cylinder by the circulation of air through the intake, even though the atmospheric temperature surrounding the engine be so low as to render the liquid fuel of low volatility.

As is well known, great difficulty is experienced in starting internal combustion engines in cold weather, such difficulty being due to gasolene Vand other liquid. fuels used for the operation of internal combustion engines being lowgin volatility at low temperatures. Consequently, when efforts are made to start an internal combustion engine in cold weather by the circulation of air through a carbureter and intake leading to the engine cylinder and around or over the liquid fuel delivered from such carbureter, the air does not become impregnated with sufficient explosive agent from the cold fuel to form an explosive mixture of sufficient strength to start and continue the operation of the engine. By my improvement the liquid fuel used for priming an internal combustion engine becomes mixed with air on its passage through my primer, and the lio|- uid fuel passing through the primer is caused to enter the engine intake in an atomized or iinely divided condition, so that it is light enough to be picked up by the circulation of airthrough such intake and enters the engine cylinder readily to supply the needed charges for initial operation of the engine.

Figure I is an elevation of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the intake and carbureter associated with such cylinder anlpl my priming device attached to said inta e.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 4, 1920.

serial No. 257,615.

Y the valve, shown partly in elevation, in open position.y

In the drawings A designates the cylin- V der of an internal combustion engine, B the iintake through which explosive mixture is delivered into said cylinder, and C the carbureter connected to said intake. These parts may be of any ordinary known construction.

D designates my primer as a whole. This primer comprises a valve housing l having a neck 2 terminating in a nipple 3 adapted to be secured to the intake B in any suitableV manner. In the neck of the atomizing device is a receiving chamber 4, of elongated form, as seen in Fig. III and which leads from the valve housing l to a discharge orifice 5 extending through the end 0f the nipple 3. Such orifice 5l is of smaller diameter than the receiving chamber.

The valve housing 1 is provided with an inlet 6 located within a connection-receiving member 7 on said valve housing, to which a liquid fuel supply pipe 8 is attached by any suitable form of connection device.

9 designates a valve loosely arranged in the valve housing 1 and interposed between the contracted inlet 6 and the receiving chamber 4. The valve is traversed by a duct 10 of small diameter (see Figs. III and IV) through which Communication may be established between the contracted inlet 6 and the receiving chamber 4, to provide for the delivery of a restricted flow ofliquid fuel from the supply pipe 8 to said chamber. The valve 9 also contains an inclined air duct 11, which communicates with the receiving chamber at the inner end ofthe liquid fuel duct l() (see Fig. IV). This air duct is adapted to be placed in communication with the atmospheric air surrounding the priming device. The outer end of the air duct may be exposed to the` atmospheric air by forming radial air inlet port 12 in the valve housing l, or in any other suitable manner.

i The valve 9 is provided with a suitable lever 13 to which a rod or other operating valve housing, serves to limit the degree ders of the engine.

of operation of said valve.

In the practical use of my atomizing primer the valve 9 is opened to permit the flow of liquid fuel and air through the ducts 10 and 11 in said valve after the engine is cranked with the throttle closed or substantially closed. lith the throttle in such position a high degree of vacuum is produced in the intake B leading to the cylin- The influence of this vacuum'extends to the receiving chamber in the chamber 4 and the intake B. The air so that there is vacuum therein as well4 as in the intake.` Obviously atmospheric air will rush through the air duct 11 in the valve 9 owing to the atmospheric pressure at the exterior of the primer and the vacuum 'thus :entering the l primer meets the liquid fuel admitted through the duct 10 and by forcible impact against such liquid fuel acts to break it up or atomize it as the liquid fuel andrair'enter the receiving chamber 4 of the primer. The air and liquid fuel become mixedV in the Vreceiving chamber and pass swiftly therefrom to the intake B, the liquid fuel vbeing further broken up while passing through the restricted discharge orifice 5 at Vthe .end of said chamber, so that when the mixture reaches the intake the liquid fuel is in a vvery finely divided condition and so light in weight as to fully enter into the engine.

I claim:

1. An atomizing primer for internal combustion engines comprising a valve housing constructed with a neck terminating in a nipple and formed with a contracted liquid fuel inlet in the valve housing, an elongated receiving chamber in the neck, a discharge orifice in the nipple of smaller diameter than the receiving chamber and a radial air inlet port in the housing, a valve loosely arranged in the valve housing and formed with a transverse duct of small diameter connecting the contracted inlet with the receiving chamber, and an inclined air duct extending from the radial air inlet port to the inner end of the transverse duct within the receiving chamber, and means for operating the valve.

2. An atomizing primer for internal combustion engines comprising a valve housing constructed with radial abutments, a neck terminating in a nipple and formed with a contracted liquid fuel inlet in the valve housing, an elongated receiving chamber in the neck, a discharge orifice in the nipple of smaller diameter than the receiving chamber and a radial air inlet port in the housing, a valve loosely arranged in the valve housing and formed withV a radial stop between the radial abutments, a transverse duct of small diameter connecting the contracted inlet with the receiving chamber, and an inclined air duct extending from the radial air inlet port to the inner end of the transverse duct within the receiving chamber, and means for operating the valve.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I hereunto aiiix my signature.

JOHN D. PERRY LEWIS. 

